This List is alphabetized by Common Name. It shows the various substitution plants
that can be used in your growing conditions. Be creative in your choice of plants.
Use the Biblical plant name on your plant label or marker.

Common Name, Substitutions

Acacia, Spiraled Acacia, willow

Algum, Tree Fir, fig, red sandal-wood, juniper

Almond, (prunus dulcis) apple, prune, flowering tree

Apricot, apple, prune, flowering tree

Aloe, sedum, yucca and succulents

Anemone, Anemone, windflowers, ice plant

Anise, (Dill) Dill, fennel

Apple, Apple, pear, citrus, fig

Asphodel, Red hot poker, torch lily,

Barley, Barley, millet, sorghum, bunching grass,
     lemon grass, wheat, rye

Beans, Fava beans, flat beans, green beans
     and runner beans

Bitter Herbs, Horseradish, chicory, dwarf chicory, lettuce, parsley,
     sow-thistle, dandelion, endive, rocket, Arugula

Box Tree, Laurel, Boxthorn

Bramble, Blackberries, raspberries, strawberries, pyracantha

Broom, Broom, Broom Yellow, Broom, lupine

Caper, Desire Caper bush, nasturtium

Carob, Carob, locust

Cedar, Cedar

Chamomile, Crown daisy, chamomile, Calendula, marigold,
     pot marigold

Chicory, Horseradish, chicory, dwarf chicory, lettuce, parsley,
     sow-thistle, dandelion, endive, rocket

Coriander, Coriander

Corn Wheat, rye, oats, barley, ornamental grasses

Crocus, Narcissus, paperwhite, all-yellow or white.
           Hyacinthus orientalis, hyacinth, wild hyacinth, sillia

Crown Daisy, Crown daisy, chamomile, Calendula, marigold, pot marigold

Cucumber, Colocynth, wild gourd, watermelon, snake cucumber,
     musk melon, cucumber

Cummin, Love-in-the-mist, cumin, coriander

Cypress, Cypress, Cedar, Juniper

Date Palm, Windmill Palm, yucca, Palm

Dill, Anise, Fennel

Dove's Dung, (Star Of Bethlehem) Narcissus, paperwhite, all-yellow or white.
     Hyacinthus orientalis, hyacinth, wild hyacinth, sillia

Fennel, Common giant fennel, culinary fennel, purple fennel,

Fig, Fig, Frost free variety (Brown Turkey)

Fir, (Aleppo Pine) Pine

Fitches, Black Cumin Love-in-a-mist, black cumin, nutmeg flower

Flax, red, blue, alpine flax

Gall, (Poppy) Corn poppy, field poppy, opium poppy, bread seed poppy,
     Iceland poppy, Shirley poppy

Garlick, Onion, leeks, garlic, elephant garlic, chives

Gourd, Castor Oil Tree Gourds, caster bush

Herbs,  Rosemary, sweet bay, basil, lavender, borage, caraway,
     poppy seeds, chives, cilantro, cumin, fennel, horseradish,

Hyssop, agastache

Incense, Rockrose, cistus

Judas Tree, Redbud

Leeks, Onion, leeks, garlic, elephant garlic, chives

Lentils, Beans, lentils, split peas

Lily, Narcissus, paperwhite, all-yellow or white.
     Hyacinthus orientalis, hyacinth, wild hyacinth, sillia

Mallow, Althea rosea, hollyhock, Malva sylvestris, common mallow, m.
     Alcea and m. Moschata, musk mallow.

Mandrake, Gourds, caster bush, Solanum, skullcap

MARJORUM, Origanum majorana, sweet marjoram. Pot marjoram,
     or any garden marjoram. Oregano could be a substitution
     if necessary.

Mint, Mentha longifolia, Horsemint, m. Piperita, peppermint, m spicata,
     spearmint. Choice of species not important.

Mulberry, Black Mulberry, fruited

Mustard Black, mustard, white mustard

Myrtle, bush or tree

Nettles, Acanthus, nettles, justica, Lamium

Nigella, Love-in-the-mist, cumin, coriander

Nuts/Pistachio, Pistachio, walnuts, Almond (prunus dulcis)s, filberts

Oak, (Valonia Oak) Oak any variety

Onion, leeks, garlic, elephant gar, chives

Plane Tree, Sycamore, liquid amber

Pomegranate,  dwarf pomegranate as house plant

Poppy, Corn poppy, field poppy, opium poppy, breadseed poppy,
     Iceland poppy, Shirley poppy

Reed, Papyrus, reeds, cat-tails, flags, sedge

Rie, (Rye) Wheat, rye, oats, barley, ornamental grasses

Rue, Wild rue, common rue,

Rush, Papyrus, reeds, cat-tails, flags, sedge

Saffron, Crocus species and hybrids, crocus nudiflorus,
     c. Kotschyanus, c. Sativus, c. Specious,

Sage, Salvia sclarea var Turkestanica, Clary sage, perennial culinary sage,
     field Clary, French lavender,

Spices, Lavender, cumin, mustard

Sweet Cane, Sugar cane, ornamental grasses, Lemon grass, Arundo Donax

Sweet Flag, Aromatic Cane Flags, iris, ornamental grasses

Thistle Golden, Thistles, Centaurea, everlastings, bachelor buttons, artichoke

Thorn, Any thorny bush or bramble

Tulip, Sharon (Possible Rose Of Sharon) Tulip, narcissus, daffodils

Wormwood, Curry plant, Dusty Miller Artemisia (any variety)